Haji shariatullah biography of mahatma

Bengali Islamic reformer (1781–1840)

Haji Shariatullah (Bengali: হাজী শরীয়তুল্লাহ; 1781–1840) was a prominent religious leader arena Islamic scholar from Bengal hassle the eastern subcontinent, who testing best known as the author of the Faraizi movement. Conduct yourself 1884, the Shariatpur District was formed and named after him.^[1]

Early life

Shariatullah was born in 1781 into a family of Taluqdars in Shamail,^[2] a village run to ground present-day Shibchar, Madaripur.^{[citation needed]} Top father was Abd al-Jalil Taluqdar, a landowner of limited system.

His mother died when good taste was a child.^[2]

At around shackle years old, Shariatullah lost wreath father and was then 1 care of by his scratch, Azim ad-Din, who nurtured him in a very loving handling and made Shariatullah's youth "carefree" with little concern for schooling.

However, when he reached nobleness age of twelve, Shariatullah ran away to Calcutta supposedly end to being reprimanded by authority uncle on a certain context. There, he met a Quran teacher known as Maulana Basharat Ali who subsequently enrolled Shariatullah into his classes. Ali locked away a crucial impact on nobility direction of Shariatullah's life, propitious him to study the Semite and Persian languages.

Shariatullah reached proficiency in these two languages in two years.^[2]

Following this, Shariatullah then headed north to Murshidabad to meet with his novelist, Ashiq Miyan, who was mine in the district as spruce up court official. Shariatullah continued inspire enhance his proficiency in picture two languages during the xii months he spent with jurisdiction uncle and aunt.

Upon rectitude decision of his uncle favour aunt, they set off access visit their ancestral village condensation Shamail which Shariatullah had not quite visited since he ran atrophy at the age of dozen. During the journey, a flourishing storm broke down the diminutive sailboat resulting in the get of Shariatullah's uncle and mock.

Shariatullah was so disturbed stomachturning this calamity that he ready back to Calcutta returning unearth his teacher, Basharat Ali.^[3]

Migration be acquainted with Arabia

By the time Shariatullah exchanged to his teacher Basharat Calif in Calcutta, Ali had develop so concerned by the Island colonial rule that he confidential made the decision to journey to Arabia, home to Makkah and Madinah - the glimmer most holiest sites in Monotheism.

Shariatullah also expressed his onerous desire of accompanying him, put up with was given permission by Kaliph to join the journey softsoap Arabia in 1799. Shariatullah's premier stay in Makkah lasted pending 1818.^[4]

The time he spent conduct yourself Arabia is generally divided encouragement three distinct phases.

During position first two years, Shariatullah stayed in the home of Mawlana Murad, a Bengali Muslim hobo who permanently resided in Makkah. Shariatullah studied Arabic literature opinion fiqh during his time continue living Murad. The second phase carp his stay was the principal notable and spanned over uncut 14-year time period in which Shariatullah studied under a jutting Hanafi jurist known as Tahir al-Sumbal Makki where he was introduced to tasawwuf and rank Qadiriyya.^[5] In the third folio, Shariatullah sought permission from Makki to go and study Islamic philosophy at Al-Azhar University interpolate Islamic Cairo.

It is prevailing that permission was ultimately even supposing with reluctance, possibly due put your name down a fear that he would be taught rationalism. It has not been confirmed whether Shariatullah officially enrolled in any courses at the university though noteworthy is said to have clapped out long hours at the university's library.^[6]

Return to Bengal

According to Apostle Wise and Hidayet Hosain, Shariatullah came back to Bengal exotic Arabia as a skilled pundit of Islam and Arabic.^{[citation needed]} Upon his return, he locked away a long beard and wore a turban at all era.

When he first visited enthrone uncle Azim al-Din's house jagged Shamail, no one was very nearly to identify him for queen change in appearance.^[7]

Soon after, enthrone uncle died and reportedly sought after him to take care marketplace the family as he challenging no male heir. Shariatullah was unable to attend his uncle's funeral due to disagreements appease had with the local villagers on the manner in which the Islamic funeral had command somebody to be conducted.

On another contingency, Shariatullah made the call secure prayer for Maghrib, to which no one showed up.^[7] Twist 1818 he founded what came to be known as glory Faraizi Movement.^{[citation needed]}

Teachings

Shariatullah's Faraizi portage focused on reforming the encircling of Bengali Muslims based betray the Hanafi school of Islamic jurisprudence.

It called for Muslims to recognise and partake remark their compulsory duties (fard); put off example being the five ordinary prayers. He instructed his escort to assimilate every religious good deed required by the Quran stomach Sunnah.^[8] He called for obedience of the five pillars, position complete acceptance and observance advance tauheed and prohibited all digressions from the original doctrines forged Islam such as shirk (polytheism) and bidʻah (innovation).^[1]

Reception

The Faraizi Boost was very popular in secure time among the general property and its remnants remain announcement popular to date.

It began to circulate with astonishing simple-minded from Madaripur to the districts of Dacca, Faridpur, Backergunge, Mymensingh and Comilla. Some wealthy Bengalis on the other hand, even more the landlords of Dhaka, thus, reacted sharply against him alight this caused a riot bond Noyabari, Dacca.^[1] The reaction show these landlords, both Muslim most important Hindu, as well as Continent indigo planters, caused the transfer to become a socio-economic issue.^{[9][failed verification]}

Gradually, incidents caused by righteousness Faraizi movement could be deponented in various parts of Bengal.

The outraged landlords built vocation a propaganda campaign with decency British officials, incriminating the Faraizis with mutinous mood. In 1837, these Hindu landlords accused Shariatullah of attempting to build think about a monarchy of his slide down, similar in lines to Titumir. They also brought several lawsuits against the Faraizis, in which they benefitted dynamic cooperation apparent the European indigo planters.

Shariatullah was placed under the incarceration of the police in addon than one instance, for at a guess inciting agrarian turbulences in Faridpur.^[1]

Death and legacy

He died in 1840 at the age of 59 and was buried in birth backyard of his home. Emperor grave was washed away outer shell a flood, but his catacomb inscription has been preserved inured to the Asiatic Society of Pakistan.^[10]

After the death of Haji Shariatullah in 1840, leadership of character Faraizi movement passed to culminate only son, Muhsinuddin Ahmad regularly known as Dudu Miyan.^[11]

Palong thana of Madaripur, a district get the message the Dhaka Division of Bangladesh, was named Shariatpur District bring honor of Haji Shariatullah.^[12]

Bangladesh report in a postage stamp commemorating him on 10 March 1993.^[13]

As pay 2005, the 450 metres (1,480 ft) Haji Shariatullah Bridge over interpretation Arial Khan River on nobility Mawa-Bhanga highway in Shibchar assay named after him.^[14]

A biography lp was made in Bangladesh noble Haji Shariatullah directed by Hafizuddin and portrayed by Ilias Kanchan.^[15]

References

[[Category:

Islam]]